Africa on five projections

Africa covers 30,042,133 km² of ground. Mercator draws it 1.12 times over. Area and shape readings on all five projections, each one measured.

Where the argument starts

Africa covers 30,042,133 km² and its anchor sits at 6.5° N. It is close enough to the equator that Mercator inflates it only 1.12 times, and all five projections report an area within a few percent of 1. That is not because Africa is normal; it is because the equator is the one line where Mercator does not lie. Every exaggeration elsewhere is measured against here.

It pays somewhere else

Turn on the indicatrix grid and look at the equal-area maps. Gall-Peters stretches Africa's shape to 1.97, Equal Earth to 1.34. That is the equal-area bill: the area survives, the shape does not. Mercator reads exactly 1.00 on shape here and does not deform it at all. No map gets Africa entirely right.

This object

True area
30,042,133 km²
Anchor latitude
6.5° N
Angular radius
41.9°
Draggable latitude range
-43.8° … 59.2°

On five projections

Each number is measured against its own projection's equator, not against another projection. These five rows do not share an axis - they are five answers to the same question: what did this map give up to lay this place flat?

ProjectionArea distortionShape distortion
Equirectangular1.051.01
Mercator1.121.00 constant
Natural Earth1.041.15
Equal Earth1.00 constant1.34
Gall-Peters1.00 constant1.97

Mercator inflates it most, 1.12 times over. Gall-Peters stretches it most: its long axis is 1.97 times its short one.

The same size, drawn otherwise

Nothing in the catalogue is close to Africa's area at a far enough latitude to be worth the comparison.

Bigger than the map admits

Mercator draws nothing larger than Africa smaller than it.

On an equal-area projection this section is empty, for every object there is. An equal-area map draws in proportion to true area, so it cannot draw a larger thing smaller. That is a definition, not a coincidence.

Open it in the tool

Drag Africa across the latitude bands and the readout follows.